Success Key For ISP Business

Still fresh in the public memory of how the business ISP (Internet Service Provider) to grow rapidly in line with the introduction of internet technology a few years ago. Noted decades ISP companies that have enrolled in the Department of Posts and Telecommunications offers the service connection to the internet backbone with the charge of each. Portfolio market segments they are quite clear, namely individuals and companies (retail and corporate). At first the performance of each company is promising, to a point where the number of subscribers past the critical point so that the existing access to be slow due to limited bandwidth. Competition in the customer seized during the crisis period has made a large number of ISPs are forced to close his business, while others decided to conduct mergers and acquisitions to prevent it from folding. Recently re-bergeliat ISP business after the introduction of VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol). Will the same events over and over again in this industry? It is better observed in a fundamental phenomenon, both in terms of micro and macro environment (Indrajit, 2000). 

On the micro level, the key to success lies in the ISP business how high quality the company's capability to do the convergence of three main aspects, namely: computing, communication, and content. Aspects of computing stresses that a brain or central computer technology from a company's ISP because all available resources are controlled by this smart machine. Of course, the more the number of customers and the increasingly diverse types of services offered, will be increasingly complex, large, and expensive computer specifications that must be possessed. 

The next aspect is communication, which emphasizes on how extensive range of services and how quickly access to the internet connection. If the coverage factor is determined by the geographical coverage in which an ISP can be accessed by the subscriber, the access speed connection will greatly depend on the amount of bandwidth and other related communications equipment (such as routers and modems). Last aspect that will determine the rise and fall of the ISP business is content. Content is defined as an entity that is exchanged or traded by the community through the Internet connection. If in a few years ago, the content is only represented by the bits in the format of text and pictures (image), then today has evolved into an audio and video. Integration between data in the form of text, images, audio, and video is what gave birth to the concept of multimedia which will become the daily human needs that can be accessed online and realtime in a virtual world (cyber space). 

At the macro level, a relevant factor to be analyzed and taken into consideration is the tendency of the direction or trend of telecommunication industry in the world. The development of the Internet in the United States to advance rapidly because of the cost of local telephone and electricity payments have reached the level of flat rate (the customer pays a fixed fee per month regardless of how long the telephone and electricity consumption). Or in other words, indirectly the local telephone has become a "public goods" for society. Of course, customers will choose to connect to the internet through a telecommunications infrastructure that has been owned at this time, because in addition been sufficient to meet their needs, biayanyapun "free." For multimedia relations, while they must pay a fee first. However, this cost will come down gradually, in accordance with government's strategy against all types of infrastructure, until eventually you reach the stage of a flat rate. In Indonesia, the situation that occurred inverted. Telephone fee progressively increased, so that "until whenever" people will never enjoy a "free" or at least very low cost. Community's decision to begin to experiment using VoIP or other related Internet technology is actually not only the impact of technological advances that are difficult to dammed, but rather a manifestation of "powerlessness" of the national telecommunications industry in the era of globalization. One thing to remember, that when the time comes the concept of free trade have been implemented, state boundaries become irrelevant. It is not impossible to happen later that customers in the homeland, whether individual or corporate, will prefer ISPs from Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, or even Brunei, because in addition they have the computing infrastructure, communication, and more reliable content, products and services they offer are also much cheaper, better, and faster (cheaper, better, and faster). 

So, inevitably, like it or not, the performance of the ISP industry in Indonesia at this time will depend on government regulations. No matter whether Telkom and Indosat will still get exclusivity rights from the government or otherwise the government will spawn deregulation allowing new players into the telecommunications industry, as far as the wider community to gain access to the internet with very cheap price, then at the same time a local company ISPs have been ready to compete with other global players. When the time comes aspects of computing and communication has become a "public goods", competition will only lie in the element content. It was then that creativity will be tested by the company ISP business means the business of creativity and content packaging, something that becomes a great weakness of Indonesia at this time. We have changed from content producers instead of content consumers

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Boomerang of E-commerce

There is no doubt that Electronic Commerce has been a prima donna in the discourse of conversation today's global business world Carrying a large number of seminars on this subject has been done by practitioners of business and information technology in Indonesia during the period of two years. Each seminar is held at its core is to introduce the ins and outs of the global phenomenon that has been "forced" to the company would not want to look at the existence of this technology if you want to remain competitive and present a variety of information technology available in the market to help the company to "electronic commerce" a themselves in a relatively quick. Magazines and newspapers, newspapers smelled of economics and business no less vigorous promotion of the sophistication of this digital technology. But despite the various views and response available, there are some fundamental things that have not been touched in different discourse. This is about the macro impact would happen if it is assumed that the world would have been connected digitally, so that every individual and corporation can freely transact through the Internet. Here are the problems that escape into the subject and consideration during this (Indrajit, 2000). 


First, not necessarily the most advanced country in the world (America, Japan, and countries in Europe) became the country's most disadvantaged by the presence of electronic commerce, maybe even vice versa. The reason is very simple. With electronic commerce, the existence of limits of a country becomes moot, because the transaction occurred at a community of virtual or cyber space. A pure capitalist mentality would freely choose to live or stay in the cheapest country, doing business transactions over the Internet by selling products and services in the country's most "expensive" (able to buy products / services with high price), and the results of his efforts to save money banks in the country safe. In the sense of the word, can only be occupied by Indonesia for example, that many populations, with the human resources that are reliable, but the result of profit through business deals that do not return to their homeland. With the above format, of course, the aggrieved is the developed and developing countries, while countries like Switzerland and Singapore is famous for the quality of financial institutions will be inundated with benefits "without the" must do something. 


Secondly, the existence of cyber space in addition to eliminating restrictions between countries to make all forms of legal and economic protection of the local government no longer effective. How the government can prohibit gambling while hundreds of Internet sites of Las Vegas offers it? How the government can control capital flight if the investment in another country can be done easily without leaving home? How to become a powerful block if an official can make money laundrying from office? In other words, restrictions or to interact among one group of people (community) through the business rules can not be used anymore, because it was contrary to the nature and meaning of globalization itself. 


Third, the use of electronic commerce as a whole will lead to an era which is named as the digital economy (digital economy). The exchange of goods or services with the principles of classical economics (profit maximization with the resources that a nicety) remains to be done, but the size of both the micro and macro performance that used to monitor the growth rate of an economic entity becomes no longer relevant. An example is the first issue has been raised, how the government can calculate a country's GDP and GNP? The main reason because someone could be anywhere, anytime, and any economic transaction, without having to physically travel. And security provided by electronic commerce "not allow" the government or others to memonotir course information, products, and money flowing. The existence of the flow of products and services (the flow of goods and services) and cash flow (the flow of money) which has been so free is not impossible to bring the world to form a perfect free market (perfect free market). 


Fourth, the framework of perfect competition (perfect competition), who had only a "decoration" at the macro and micro economic theory will easily become a reality.There is a company that was "scaring" the world if they agreed to promote and implement electronic commerce. The company said he would wait until the world has become more dependent on electronic commerce prior to remove the product concerned. These products are launching a similar site yahoo.com or altavista.com search engine that serves as an information (search engine). 


Say a man is going to find and buy a Sony branded television, 24 inch sizes, and multi-system. Through this site in question lived to write the requirements specification, and with the push of a button, then the application will search the entire internet company in the world who own and sell the television, and has a service to drive her to the house. What is remarkable is that the site will display all of the company in order on the basis of the cheapest price! That is, if a company in Taiwan are willing to sell and deliver television to someone's house with a cheaper price than that offered by Sony distributor in the country, for no other reason for the question to select it. If the government argued that the tariff can be imposed on such goods, the question is how long and how technical protection for businesses in the form of services (such as banks, insurance, telecommunications, transportation, etc.)? 


If the four aspects above carefully look better and detailed, at first glance can be seen that in an ideal format, the existence of electronic commerce is more of a boomerang (threat) rather than a competitive weapon, because that was very influential in this regard is the readiness of a global world system, not the superiority of a component in certain sub-systems. However, the current phase of globalization has been in "the point of no return". In other words, Indonesia is actually no need to fear that he has lagged behind in all aspects related to information technology (concerning infrastructure and superstructure). Because in the era of digital economy later, Darwin's theory will become relevant again: "Not the country's most powerful or most intelligent that will survive in the business world, but even the fastest to adapt to changes that will win". Who (not state or nation) of the most ingenious in formulating the strategy, it was he who would be the greatest.

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Pendidikan Budaya Minangkabau

Orang Minangkabau sedang berada di persimpangan jalan. Persimpangan antara masa lalu dan masa kini. Maju sulit, mundurpun susah. Godaan masa kini dan masa depan, yang digerakkan oleh kekuatan kapitalisme global, telah menggoda cukup banyak orang Minang.

Godaan ini tidak saja dialami anak-anak mudanya, tetapi juga melanda banyak orang tua. Ada yang telah hijrah, dan berjalan meninggalkan “rumah budayanya” yang bernama adat Minangkabau. Sekali-sekali mereka kembali lagi menengok masa lalunya, tetapi mereka telah jauh berjalan. Mereka seperti orang yang berdiri di pematang sawah, sambil membayangkan dirinya mencangkul di lumpur yang basah.

Memang himbauan “masalalu” untuk “kembali” cukup nyaring terdengar. Kadang-kadang bergema keseluruh negeri. Ada kecemasan orang Minangkabau tidak lagi menjadi “orang Minang”. Ia mungkin telah menjadi “orang lain”? Malin Kundang yang pulang kampung, tidak lagi si Malin yang dulu pergi. Ia telah berubah. Dan memang harus berubah. Dunia yang membesarkannya tidak lagi tradisi “surau” yang mendidik banyak laki-laki Minang. Ia tumbuh dalam alunan gelombang. Berkembang di antara kota-kota pantai yang kosmopolitan. Hidup dalam keragaman budaya dunia. Masa lalu baginya, adalah sebuah kenangan.

Mengamati kehidupan budaya Minangkabau dewasa ini, mungkin persis seperti melihat orang yang berada di persimpangan jalan. Dalam dekade terakhir, kita begitu sering mendengar, melihat dan mengalami, upaya-upaya untuk menjadikan kembali adat (budaya) Minangkabau sebagai identitas kultural yang harus melekat pada diri orang Minangkabau.

Di sekolah, di sekolah Budaya Alam Minangkabau (BAM) telah lama pula diajarkan. Banyak buku BAM yang telah dicetak. Banyak pelatihan guru BAM yang telah diselenggarakan. Pendidikan adat Minangkabau terus diupayakan. Hasilnya? Jauh panggang dari api. “Malin Kundang kebudayaan” terus saja lahir dan semakin lama mereka semakin besar.

Namun harapan untuk menjadikan kembali adat Minangkabau sebagai  identitas kultural belum juga dapat diwujudkan. Anak-anak mudanya mungkin lebih senang jalan-jalan ke mall, dan mengikuti trend mode yang berkembang demikian cepatnya. Tarikan masa depan jauh lebih menggoda. Masa lalu yang dipresentasikan dalam kehidupan adat semakin jauh tertinggal. Kapitalisme global kelihatannya jauh lebih berkuasa dan menggoda. Adat dan budaya Minangkabau hanya tinggal dalam pepatah-petitih.

Gelombang demi gelombang telah mendera orang Minangkabau. Setiap gelombang mendorong perubahan. Pergolakan PRRI telah menorehkan krisis kultural orang Minangkabau. Kekuasan sentralistik Orde Baru, telah menggeser cara pandang orang Minangkabau terhadap kebudayaannya. Kapitalisme global telah mendorong orang Minangkabau menjadi lebih pragmatis.

Siapakah yang salah? Mungkin tidak ada yang salah. Situasi zaman yang melanda orang Minangkabau dewasa memang cukup kompleks. Guru-guru BAM mungkin tidak salah, karena mereka hanyalah bagian dari sebuah sistem pendidikan yang telah didisain secara sentralistik.

Paradigma pendidikan budaya kita memang belum sepenuhnya memberikan ruang yang cukup bagi sebuah proses pendidikan budaya yang memihak pada eksistensi budaya lokal. Apa lagi jika dikaitkan dengan prinsip-prinsip pendidikan budaya yang sesuai dengan budaya lokal tersebut, seperti pendidikan adat dan budaya Minangkabau.

Pendidikan budaya, seyogianya tidak bisa sama dengan pendekatan pendidikan bidang sosial lainnya, apa lagi dengan bidang pendidikan eksakta. Jika kita lihat paradigma keilmuan yang melekat pada guru-guru BAM, atau guru kesenian yang ada di lembaga pendidikan sekolah, pada umumnya adalah paradigma keilmuan Barat.

Contoh yang paling mudah dapat kita lihat dari paradigma pendidikan kesenian yang telah dikembangkan selama ini di lembaga pendidikan sekolah kita. Pendefinisiannya berdasarkan prinsip kesenian yang hidup di Barat. Kategorisasi kesenian seperti teater, seni rupa, musik dan tari, adalah pendefinisian menurut keilmua Barat, dan sudah pasti tidak akan dapat membangun apresiasi budaya tradisi yang ada dalam khasanah kebudayaan Minangkabau.

Dalam kebudayaan Minangkabau, pendefinisian dan kategorisasi seperti itu tidaklah dikenal. Semua cabang kesenian yang dikategori menurut keilmuan Barat ini, tidaklah dikenal, karena semuanya merupakan satu kesatuan yang tak terpisahkan. Sebagai contoh dapat kita berikan, seperti randai. Randai dalam pemahaman kebudayaan Minangkabau, adalah sebuah bentuk kesenian yang di dalamnya ada tari, teater, sastra, musik, dan kesemuanya itu tidak bisa dilihat atau dikaji secara parsial. Semuanya merupakan sesuatu yang utuh.

Dengan paradigma keilmuan “orang luar” ini tidak mungkin prinsip-prinsip dan nilai-nilai adat dan budaya lokal seperti Minangkabau dapat diapresiasi secara baik oleh siswa. Paling jauh, adat dan budaya tersebut hanya menjadi pengetahuan saja. Pengetahuan yang tidak menjadi prilaku pastilah tidak akan menjadi kebudayaan. Dengan demikian, adat dan budaya Minangkabau (BAM) yang diajarkan melalui lembaga pendidikan formal kita hanya akan berhenti sampai menjadi pengetahuan, dan tidak akan hidup sebagai sebuah prilaku sosial, seperti diharapkan dari ajaran adat kita.

Tidak ada jalan lain, kita harus mencari dan menemukan sebuah paradigma baru pendidikan budaya kita, terutama untuk pendidikan budaya Minangkabau. Kita harus mencari modul yang tepat. Menyusun materi yang sesuai, dan mengembangkan sebuah metodelogi yang cocok dengan prinsip-prinsip adat Minangkabau.

Adat dan Agama Islam menjadi utama dalam Sistim Kepemimpinan di Sumatera Barat yang beradat Minangkabau

 Bekal utama dalam hidup, adalah keyakinan dan keimanan kepada Allah SWT dan hidup beradat. Sudah semestinya diajarkan adat dan syarak, karena nilai-nilai tamadun budaya Minangkabau – ABS-SBK — terikat kuat dengan penghayatan Islam. Sikap jiwa dari masyarakat Minangkabau, masih tertuntun oleh akhlak, sesuai bimbingan ajaran Islam, dalam adagium “Adat basandi Syara’, syara’ basandi Kitabullah “ dan “syara’ mamutuih, Adat memakai !”. Nilai-nilai budaya ini, menjadi pegangan hidup yang positif, mendorong dan merangsang serta penggerak setiap kegiatan masyarakat dalam bernagari.
Sifat dan kebiasaan-kebiasaan untuk mengembangkan kegiatan ekonomi seperti menghindarkan pemborosan, kebiasaan menyimpan, hidup berhemat, memelihara modal supaya jangan hancur, melihat jauh kedepan. Maka sikap jiwa yang lahir dari pemahaman syarak dalam budaya Minangkabau, kekuatan besar dari kekayaan budaya masyarakat yang tidak ternilai besarnya.
Adat Minangkabau memang unik. Di tengah keunikan adat budaya Minangkabau itu, seringkali ditemui beberapa kendala dalam menerapkan nilai-nilai budaya adaik basandi syarak, syarak basandi Kitabullah (ABS-SBK), dan syarak mangato adaik mamakaikan itu. Di antaranya disebabkan oleh terabaikannya selama ini generasi muda didalam pewarisan nilai budaya Minangkabau itu. Kemudian hubungan kekerabatan keluarga mulai menipis dan peran ninik mamak kini hanya sebatas seremonial, serta peran utama dari ulama mulai kehilangan wibawa,
Keunikan nilai-nilai ideal kehidupan di Minangkabau ini, mesti dihidupkan terus dalam kehidupan bernagari. Terutama dengan menumbuhkan rasa memiliki bersama, kesadaran akan hak milik kaum, dan juga kesadaran terhadap suatu ikatan kekrabatan bernagari, bersuku serta memupuk kesediaan pengabdian dalam hubungan semenda menyemenda dalam hubungan positif pernikahan. Maka perlu dikuatkan ikatan Pembangunan di Nagari dengan memakai pola keseimbangan dan nilai kepemimpinan di dalam Nagari, adalah keteladanan .
Kita memerlukan generasi yang handal, dengan beberapa sikap yang selalu berpegang pada nilai-nilai iman dan taqwa, memiliki daya kreatif dan innovatif, menjalin kerja sama berdisiplin, kritis dan dinamis, memiliki vitalitas tinggi, tidak mudah terbawa arus, sanggup menghadapi realita baru di era kesejagatan ini. Memahami nilai nilai budaya luhur, punya makna jati diri yang jelas, menjaga martabat, patuh dan taat beragama, menjadi agen perubahan, dengan motivasi yang bergantung kepada Allah, mengamalkan nilai nilai ajaran Islam sebagai kekuatan spritual, dinamis dalam mewujudkan sebuah kemajuan fisik material, tanpa harus mengorbankan nilai nilai kemanusiaan.
Kita memang merasakan secara sadar, bahwa akan ada pergeseran budaya ketika mengabaikan nilai-nilai agama. Pengabaian nilai-nilai agama, menumbuhkan penyakit social yang kronis, seperti kegemaran berkorupsi, aqidah tauhid melemah, perilaku tidak mencerminkan akhlak Islami, serta suka melalaikan ibadah. Kelemahan seperti ini tumbuh disebabkan pembinaan akhlak anak nagari sering tercecerkan, pendidikan surau hampir tiada lagi, atau peran pendidikan surau di rumah tangga juga melemah, dan peran pendidikan akhlak berdasarkan prinsip budaya ABS-SBK menjadi kabur. Janji Allah SWT sangat tepat, ”apabila penduduk negeri beriman dan bertaqwa dibukakan untuk mereka keberkatan langit dan bumi “,
Semua kita mengharapkan lahirnya masyarakat mandiri dan berprestasi di bawah pengendali kemajuan yang sebenarnya yakni agama dan budaya, lebih jelasnya didalam budaya tamaddun (ABS-SBK) yang telah berlaku turun temurun dalam masyarakat Minangkabau. Tercerabutnya agama dari diri masyarakat Sumatera Barat –Minangkabau –, berakibat besar kepada perubahan perilaku dan tatanan masyarakatnya, karena “adatnya bersendi syarak, syaraknya bersendi kitabullah” dan “syarak mangato (=memerintahkan) maka adat mamakai (=melaksanakan)” – sungguhpun dalam pengamatan sehari-hari sudah sulit ditemui.
Akibat tercerabutnya nilai nilai adat itu, maka akan ditemui maraknya penyakit masyarakat (pekat, tuak, arak, judi, dadah, pergaulan bebas di kalangan kaula muda, narkoba, tindakan kriminal dan anarkis), yang merusak tatanan keamanan, maka akibat yang dirasakan adalah prinsip ABS-SBK menjadi kabur.
Maka peranan pemimpin semestinya menjadi suluah bendang (suluh yang menerangi) di Minangkabau atau yang disebut mempunyai sikap Tungku Tigo Sajarangan yang sejak dahulu telah membawa umatnya dengan informasi dan aktifitas — kepada keadaan yang lebih baik, kokoh aqidah, qanaah, istiqamah, berilmu pengetahuan, mencintai nagari, matang dengan visi dan misi bernagari, kebersamaan dan gotong royong, berkualitas dengan iman dan hikmah, amar maktruf dan nahyun ‘anil munkar, research oriented, professional, berteraskan iman dan ilmu pengetahuan, mengedepankan prinsip musyawarah dan mufakat.
Jiko mangaji dari alif, Jiko naiak dari janjang, Jikok turun dari tango, Jiko babilang dari aso, artinya hidup berperaturan.